Common Virus Definitions

Add-On

Software that adds additional benefits or features to an existing program. For example, adding a particular search engine interface to your browser.

Adware

A type of malware that bombards the user with advertisements. This may include pop-up or in-browser ads.

Drive By (drive by exploit, drive by vulnerability)

An exploit or malware that can infect the users system without any interaction from the user. The user is not required to "click" anywhere, open anything, or respond to any dialogue box.

Exploit

Any trick or combination of actions that can take advantage of a vulnerability to install some type of malware.

Malware

Any collection of programs and/or configuration changes that alters the operation of the users system in a negative way. Includes: viruses, worms, PUPs, and others.

Potentially Unwanted Program (PUP)

A type of malware that alters the operation of the user's system, but also provides a useful feature. Some users are willing to live with the negative aspects of the program in order to gain the benefits. Typically, PUPs are distributed as "free" games, shopping incentives (sales, coupons), or web browsing enhancements.

Ransomware

A type of malware encrypts or locks the user's system or data (files, pictures, other important info). Typically, the user is presented with an option to pay a ransom of about $500 to regain access.

Virus

A type of malware that alters the operation of the users system for evil.

Vulnerability (bug, flaw)

A previously undetected problem with your operating system or installed software that exposes a weakness that can be exploited by a malware author.

Zero Day (zero day exploit)

A vulnerability so new that a fix has not been discovered. The term is used most often to refer to specific malware that already exploits the new vulnerability and was named because the developers had "zero" days to find and fix the problem.